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Mozambique Flag History Today

By Den Blow


Bantu speakers migrated to Mozambique in the first millennium, and Arab and Swahili traders settled the region thereafter. It was explored by Vasco da Gama in 1498 and first colonized by Portugal in 1505. By 1510, the Portuguese had control of all of the former Arab sultanates on the east African coast. Portuguese colonial rule was repressive.

The voyage of Vasco da Gama around the Cape of Good Hope into the Indian Ocean in 1498 marked the European entry into trade, politics, and society in the Indian Ocean world. The Portuguese gained control of the Island of Mozambique and the port city of Sofala in the early 16th century, and by the 1530s, small groups of Portuguese had pushed their way into the interior.

The Mozambique flag was adopted on May 1, 1983. Mozambique gained independence from Portugal on June 25, 1975. The current Mozambique flag is based on the flag of Frelimo (the Mozambique Liberation Front), the organization which led the campaign for independence. The Frelimo flag was virtually the same as the current Mozambique flag but without the emblem on it. It was used briefly as the transitional flag when the leader of Frelimo became the first president of an independent Mozambique in 1975.

A gold wreath on the disk was said to stand for peace and the mineral resources of the land. The same colors and symbolism were adopted by the Mozambique Liberation Front, or Frelimo, in 1962 when Udenamo united with another party. Perhaps influenced by the national flag of Tanganyika (now Tanzania), where the party operated in exile, Frelimo leaders chose for their new flag green-black-yellow horizontal stripes separated by narrower white stripes; at the hoist was a red triangle.

The feature colors are green, black and yellow and were derived from the flag of the African National Congress in South Africa. The Mozambican flag today has green, black, and yellow horizontal stripes separated by white fimbriations with a red triangle in the hoist. The star of Marxism on the left has overlaid a hoe, rifle, and a book.

The flag of Mozambique is the only one in the world to feature a rifle, as it has an AK47 on it. A contest was held to design a new flag of Mozambique in September 1999 and 119 entries were received. A winner was picked, but a new Mozambique flag has never materialized. The Flag Company Inc specialized in flag designs offered a special edition of decals and flags to memorize the history of Mozambique flag for the future.




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